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Glossary of Terms 

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Random Movement	An action or process of moving without obvious aim, purpose, or reason.
Range Of Motion (Rom)	Refers to movement of a joint (important to prevent contractures).
Range Of Motion - Active	The muscles around the joint do the work of moving it.
Range Of Motion - Passive	The muscles are not working and the person or someone else moves the joint.
Reasoning, Abstract	Requires that the individual recognize a phrase that has multiple meanings and select the meaning most appropriate to a given situation. The term "abstract" typically refers to concepts not readily apparent from the physical attributes of an object or situation.
Reasoning, Association	A skill dependent on a patient's ability to determine the relationship between objects and concepts. A patient with impairment may touch a hot stove, failing to realize that pain is associated with touching a heated burner. Similarly, a patient given a knife, spoon, fork, and baseball may not be able to discriminate which of the objects "does not belong."
Reasoning, Categorization	The ability to sort or group objects and concepts based on the shared attribute(s) and apply a label depicting the attribute(s). Task difficulty is greater in circumstances requiring formulation of new categories. Impaired patients may have difficulty sorting clothes or choosing items for a balanced meal. Categorization is similar to association in that patients must understand the relationship between objects or concepts. However, categorization requires an extra step; the ability to provide a label describing the group of objects or concepts.
Reasoning, Cause And Effect	The ability to perceive and anticipate the consequences of a given action or statement. For example, a patient may sit for a long period in a darkened room without realizing that flipping a light switch will cause the light to turn on. A patient may turn the oven up to make a cake cook faster, not realizing that the increased heat will simply cause the food to burn.
Reasoning, Concrete	Involves the ability to understand the literal meaning of a phrase.
Reasoning, Generalization	The ability to take information, rules and strategies learned about one situation and apply them appropriately to other, similar situations. For example, a patient who learns to lock his wheelchair brakes in physical therapy may not lock the brakes while sitting in his room; a patient given permission to use a staff phone to make a call on one occasion may attempt to use the phone on other occasions.
Reasoning, Organization	The ability to arrange or group information in a manner which improves task efficiency. Patients who lack organizational skills often demonstrate a sense of purposelessness and have difficulty effectively utilizing non-structured time. They have difficulty completing a puzzle or arranging materials to cook or shower.
Reasoning, Problem-Solving	The ability to analyze information related to a given situation and generate appropriate response options. Problem-solving is a sequential process that typically proceeds as follows identification of problem; generation of response options; evaluation of response option appropriateness; selection and testing of first option; analysis as to whether solution has been reached. A patient may discontinue making a cup of coffee because the sugar bowl is empty, even though sugar is readily available in a nearby cabinet. A brain injured patient may easily navigate his way into a room crowded with furniture, but request staff assistance to navigate his way out.
Reasoning, Sequencing	The ability to organize information or objects according to specified rules, or the ability to arrange information or objects in a logical progressive manner. Nearly every activity, including work and leisure tasks, requires sequencing. For example, in cooking certain foods it is important that ingredients be added and mixed in a specified order; in dressing, undergarments must be put on prior to garments.
Refrig Bag	Device used to help keep males dry when they are incontinent. It is a small plastic bag filled with absorbent tissue that is secured around the penis.
Rehabilitation	Comprehensive program to reduce/overcome deficits following injury or illness, and to assist the individual to attain the optimal level of mental and physical ability.
Rehabilitation Counselor	Also called Vocational Counselor. A specialist in social and vocational issues who works to develop the skills and aptitudes necessary for a patient to return to work and the community.
Rehabilitation Engineering	Use of technical advances, physics, computer science and other scientific devices to aid in improving the quality of life for the handicapped person, e.g., computerized communication boards, mechanically assisted wheelchairs.
Rehabilitation Nurse	A nurse specializing in rehabilitation techniques as well as basic nursing care. Nurses assist the patient and family in acquiring new information, developing skills, achieving competence and exhibiting behaviors that contribute to the attainment of a healthy state.
Rehabilitation Team	The rehabilitation team, comprised of a group of health care specialists, focuses on providing a logical, practical and complete rehabilitation plan for the patient. Upon admission to the rehabilitation hospital, the patient is evaluated by each team member who defines both short-term and long-term goals for the patient's rehabilitation. Meetings of the rehabilitation team (sometimes called "rounds") are held regularly to discuss the patient's progress and, if necessary, to re-define goals. Additional family conferences may also be scheduled.
Remediation	The process of decreasing a handicap by challenging the individual to use and improve deficient skills.
Resident	A physician who has completed medical training and is taking additional training in a specialty, such as neurosurgery. Residents work under the supervision of attending physicians.
R.E.S.N.A.	Rehabilitation Engineering & Assistive Technology Society of North America.
Respirator/Ventilator	A machine that does the breathing work for the unresponsive patient. It serves to deliver air in the appropriate percentage of oxygen and at the appropriate rate. The air is also humidified by the respirator.
Respiratory Therapists	Technicians with special skills who work with patients who have breathing problems and operate the necessary equipment.
Respite Care	The temporary care of a disabled individual for the purpose of providing relief to the primary care giver. "Temporary"' is usually defined as care not exceeding thirty continuous days, although provision is sometimes made for the extension of services up to ninety days under special circumstances. This is a unique care program, in that the beneficiary of the service is the family.
Response Control	Development of the ability to recognize and suppress abnormal behaviors in one's self. Two behaviors fall within this category impulse control, and perseveration.
Retrograde Amnesia	Inability to recall events prior to the accident; may be a specific span of time or type of information.
R.N.A.O.	Registered Nurses Association of Ontario.
RT	See Respiratory Therapist.

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Material for the glossary was provided by the Ontario Brain Injury Association (OBIA).